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26
2018
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03
What should be paid attention to in the operation of diesel generator set
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Diesel generator set operation should pay attention to what matters
1. diesel generator set runs on load without warming up after cold start
When the diesel engine is cold-started, due to the high oil viscosity and poor fluidity, the oil pump is insufficiently supplied, and the friction surface of the machine is poorly lubricated due to lack of oil, causing rapid wear, and even failures such as cylinder pulling and tile burning.
Therefore, the diesel engine should run at idle speed after cooling and start to heat up, and then run with load when the standby oil temperature reaches 40 ℃ or above; the machine should start in low gear and drive for a certain mileage in each gear in sequence until the oil temperature is normal and the oil supply is sufficient After that, it can switch to normal driving.
2. diesel generator set running when the oil is insufficient
At this time, the oil supply on the surface of each friction pair is insufficient due to insufficient oil supply, resulting in abnormal wear or burns. For this reason, before the start of the machine and during the operation of the diesel engine, it is necessary to ensure sufficient oil to prevent cylinder pulling and tile burning due to lack of oil.
3. diesel generator set with load emergency stop or immediately after unloading the load
Because the circulation of the cooling system water stops after the diesel engine is turned off, the heat dissipation capacity is sharply reduced, and the heated parts lose cooling, which may cause the cylinder head, cylinder liner, cylinder block and other parts to overheat, produce cracks, or cause the piston to expand excessively and get stuck in the cylinder liner.
On the other hand, when the diesel engine stops without idling cooling, the friction surface will contain insufficient oil, and when the diesel engine starts again, it will aggravate the wear due to poor lubrication. Therefore, the diesel engine should be unloaded before flameout, and gradually reduce the speed, no-load operation for a few minutes before shutdown.
Throttle after cold start of 4. diesel engine
If the throttle is slammed, the speed of the diesel engine will rise sharply, which will cause some friction surfaces on the engine to wear severely due to dry friction. In addition, when the throttle is hit, the piston, connecting rod and crankshaft receive large changes in force, causing severe impact and easy damage to the parts.
5. diesel generator set runs when the cooling water is insufficient or the oil temperature is too high
Insufficient cooling water of diesel engine will reduce its cooling effect, and the diesel engine will overheat due to lack of effective cooling; too high temperature of cooling water and engine oil will also cause the diesel engine to overheat. At this time, the main thermal load of the cylinder head, cylinder liner, piston assembly and valve is heavy, and its mechanical properties such as strength and toughness drop sharply, which increases the deformation of the parts, reduces the matching gap between the parts, and accelerates the wear of the parts. It will also cause cracks and machine parts stuck. Excessive cooling water and engine oil temperature will accelerate the aging, deterioration and burning of the engine oil, and the viscosity of the engine oil will decrease, and the lubrication conditions of the cylinder, piston and main friction pair will deteriorate, resulting in abnormal wear. Diesel engine overheating will also worsen the combustion process of the diesel engine, so that the injector work disorders, poor atomization, increased carbon deposits.
6. diesel generator set cooling water and oil temperature is too low to run
During the working process of the diesel engine, the temperature of the cooling water is too low, and the temperature of the cylinder wall drops accordingly. The water vapor produced by combustion condenses into water droplets, which contact the exhaust gas to generate acidic substances, which adhere to the cylinder wall and cause corrosion and wear. Practice has proved that when the diesel engine is often used at the cooling water temperature of 40 ℃ ~ 50 ℃, its parts wear is several times larger than the normal working temperature (85 ℃ ~ 95 ℃). At this time, when the water temperature is too low, the temperature in the cylinder is low, and the ignition delay period of the diesel engine is prolonged. Once it catches fire, the pressure rises rapidly, and the diesel engine fuel is rough, which can easily cause mechanical damage to parts. The diesel engine has been running at a low cooling water temperature for a long time, and the gap between the piston and the cylinder liner is large, which has caused knocking and vibration, causing cavitation of the cylinder liner. The temperature of the oil is too low, the viscosity of the oil is high, and the fluidity is poor, and the amount of oil in the lubrication part is insufficient, which makes the lubrication worse, which increases the wear of the friction pair and shortens the service life of the diesel engine.
7. diesel generator set oil pressure is too low when running
If the oil pressure is too low, the lubrication system cannot perform normal oil circulation and pressure lubrication, and each lubrication part cannot get sufficient oil. Therefore, when the machine is running, pay attention to observe the oil pressure gauge or oil pressure indicator. If it is found that the oil pressure is lower than the specified pressure, stop it immediately, and then continue driving after troubleshooting.
8. diesel generator set machine overspeed or overload driving
When the machine is severely overspeeding or overloading, the diesel engine will run under the working conditions of excessive load and high speed, which is easy to cause rough work, and the thermal load and mechanical load of the cylinder liner, piston, connecting rod, etc. will increase, which is easy to occur. Failures such as cylinder pulling and tile burning. If the diesel engine is often overloaded, it will cause long-term rough combustion in the cylinder and easily damage the cylinder head gasket.
9. diesel generator set slams the throttle before stalling
If a high-speed diesel engine suddenly stops running, its huge inertia will damage the parts of the crank connecting rod mechanism and the valve mechanism and shorten the service life.
At the same time, the slamming of the throttle is because the fuel enters the cylinder too much to be completely burned and flows down the cylinder wall, diluting the lubricating oil.
In addition, it will significantly increase the carbon deposits in the piston, valve and combustion chamber, causing blockage of the fuel injector and piston jamming.
Sudden cooling water when the temperature of 10. diesel generator set is too high
If the cooling water is suddenly added when the diesel engine is short of water and overheated, it will cause cracks in the cylinder head, cylinder liner and cylinder block due to drastic changes in cold and heat. Therefore, when the temperature of the diesel engine is too high, the load should be removed first, and the speed should be slightly increased. After the water temperature drops, the diesel engine should be turned off, and then the water radiator cover should be loosened to remove the water vapor. If necessary, slowly inject cooling water into the water radiator.
11. Long-term idle operation of diesel generator set
When the diesel engine is idling, the lubricating oil pressure is low, and the cooling effect of the oil injection on the top of the piston is poor, which causes a sharp increase in wear, easy to pull the cylinder, and also causes poor atomization and incomplete combustion, serious carbon deposits, and sometimes even causes the valve and piston ring to jam Death and cylinder liner cavitation, etc. For this reason, some diesel engine instructions clearly stipulate that the idling time of the diesel engine shall not exceed 15~20min to restrict and reduce the above faults of the diesel engine.
Operation, diesel engine, oil, running, generator set, temperature, diesel, cause, wear, piston
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